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Organizational learning for exploring Generative AI: CORE-sandbox experiments
Citation. Te’eni, D., Raymond, M., Rowe, F., Thénoz, E., & Trimborn, P. (2026). Organizational learning for exploring Generative AI: CORE-sandbox experiments. International Journal of Information Management, 87, 103029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2026.103029
Summary. This peer-reviewed case study introduces CORE-sandbox experiments as a framework for organizations to learn about generative AI before rollout decisions under uncertainty. CORE organizes inquiry around capabilities, opportunities, risks, and ecosystem, combining in-situ sandbox work with ex-situ learning and knowledge integration. The study reports how this approach was used in a large European service organization over 18 months.
Key claims
- CORE-sandbox experiments structure GenAI exploration across capabilities, opportunities, risks, and ecosystem rather than treating tool use as the sole learning problem.
- In the case, iterative in-situ experimentation and ex-situ knowledge work reinforced one another and supported second- and third-order organizational learning before scaling decisions.
- The study examined eight sandbox experiments across job families using questionnaires, interviews, and immersive observations, alongside 18 interviews with strategists and employee representatives.
- Knowledge integration and sharing were central activities, but the authors report that knowledge transfer remained difficult and that many employees retained low GenAI literacy.
Evidence & limitations
- The evidence is an 18-month case study in one large European service organization, with volunteer participation and managerial license allocation that may introduce selection bias.
- The article is peer-reviewed and open access under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0; the usable PDF was retrieved from the HAL repository after the staged Jina markdown artifact proved to be a ScienceDirect CAPTCHA stub.
- Findings do not establish that organizational knowledge was effectively shared throughout the organization or that the framework generalizes unchanged to SMEs.