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Artificial intelligence in nursing practice: a qualitative study of nurses’ perspectives on opportunities, challenges, and ethical implications
Citation. Bodur, G., Cakir, H., Turan, S., Seren, A. K. H., & Goktas, P. (2025). Artificial intelligence in nursing practice: a qualitative study of nurses’ perspectives on opportunities, challenges, and ethical implications. BMC Nursing, 24, 1263. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03775-6
Summary. This qualitative study examines how 25 clinical nurses in Istanbul, Turkey perceive AI’s opportunities, threats, and ethical implications in nursing practice. Participants saw potential for workload reduction, documentation and clinical-procedure support, and more time for relational care, while also describing risks to professional roles, autonomy, clinical judgment, privacy, and accountability. The authors argue that AI implementation should pair training and institutional readiness with governance that protects nursing’s human and ethical dimensions.
Key claims
- Nurses described AI as potentially reducing routine workload and supporting documentation, monitoring, treatment administration, dosage regulation, and physically demanding care tasks, which could free time for patient communication and emotional support.
- Participants worried that automation could produce job displacement, de-skilling, overdependence on technology, and a shift from caring professional work toward rigid machine-mediated workflows.
- Unclear responsibility for AI-related harms, patient-safety failures, privacy and cybersecurity risks, perceived surveillance, bias, and weak transparency were central ethical and psychological concerns.
- Participants treated nurses’ involvement, AI literacy, ethical reasoning, institutional preparedness, and interdisciplinary collaboration as conditions for AI to complement rather than replace human care.
Evidence & limitations
- The study used semi-structured interviews and inductive thematic analysis with 25 clinical nurses recruited purposively from hospital settings in Istanbul; interviews occurred from October to December 2021.
- Findings are accounts of perceived opportunities and risks rather than outcome evidence about deployed systems, and their transferability may be limited by the local healthcare, cultural, and participant context.